Follow these steps to make perfectly crispy prawn pakoras. We’ll start by marinating the shrimp, then prepare the batter, and finally fry the pakoras until golden-brown.

Marinate the Prawns: In a mixing bowl, add the cleaned prawns. Pat them dry with a paper towel to remove excess water. Stir in ½ teaspoon salt, ½ teaspoon red chili powder, and the ½ teaspoon turmeric. Add the ginger-garlic paste, half of the chopped green chilies, and the lemon juice. Toss everything well so the prawns are evenly coated in this spice mix. Let them marinate for about 15 minutes (this infuses flavor, but avoid marinating much longer, especially if using lemon, as the shrimp can turn mushy if left too long). While the prawns are marinating, you can prep the batter ingredients.

Prepare the Pakora Batter: In a separate bowl, combine the dry ingredients – gram flour, rice flour, remaining ½ teaspoon salt, ½ teaspoon red chili powder, cumin powder, coriander powder, and garam masala (if using). Mix these dry spices and flours together. Now add the chopped fresh coriander leaves, remaining green chilies, and ajwain (if using) to the bowl. Pour in water gradually (around ½ cup to start), whisking or stirring continuously to avoid lumps, until you get a smooth, thick batter. The batter should be of a coating consistency – not as thin as crepe batter and not as thick as dough. Lift the spoon: the batter should cling and coat the back of a spoon thickly. If it’s too thick, add a tablespoon of water at a time; if too thin, sprinkle a bit more besan. Finally, mix in a pinch of baking soda (optional) and give the batter a last good stir.

Coat Prawns in Batter: Add the marinated prawns (along with any juices from the marinade) into the batter. Stir gently to coat each prawn well with the batter. The moisture from the prawns and lemon juice usually is enough to loosen the batter slightly; if the mixture looks very thick or dry, you can add a teaspoon or two of water. Ensure the prawns, along with bits of chili and herb, are evenly dispersed in the batter. (If you used small prawns, you might find they clump together with batter – that’s okay, you can fry small clusters or individual pieces as you prefer.)

Heat the Oil: Heat oil in a deep kadhai (wok) or heavy-bottomed pan. You need enough oil for deep frying (about 2 inches deep). Heat the oil on medium flame until it’s hot but not smoking (around 350–360°F if you have a thermometer). To test without a thermometer, drop a tiny bit of batter into the oil – it should sizzle and rise to the top immediately but not turn brown instantly. Tip: Keep the flame at medium-high once the oil is hot; this ensures the pakoras cook through and turn crispy without soaking up oil.

Fry the Prawn Pakoras: Once the oil is ready, it’s time to fry in batches. Do not overcrowd the pan (adding too many at once can lower the oil temperature and make the fritters oily or cause the batter to disperse). Using your fingers or a spoon, carefully drop battered prawns into the hot oil. You can fry them one by one or in small clusters (for example, a spoonful of batter that has 2–3 small prawns plus some onions/herbs from the batter). Be cautious as you slide them in to avoid splashes. Fry on medium-high heat. After about 2–3 minutes, the pakoras will start to turn golden on the bottom; gently flip each piece using a slotted spoon. Continue frying another 2–3 minutes on the other side until the pakoras are golden brown and crispy. The prawns cook quickly, so total frying time is usually 5–6 minutes per batch (larger prawns might need an extra minute). Remember, prawns can toughen if overcooked, so aim to remove them once the crust is just golden and the bubbling of oil has slightly reduced.

Drain and Repeat: Using a slotted spoon, lift out the fried pakoras, letting excess oil drip back into the pan. Place the fried prawn pakoras on a plate lined with paper towels or (even better) on a wire rack set over a tray, which keeps them crisp by allowing excess oil to drain away. Let the oil reheat to the right temperature between batches if needed. Continue frying the remaining prawns in batches the same way. Optional: For an extra-crispy result, you can double-fry the pakoras. Once all batches are done, put the already fried pakoras back into the hot oil for just 30–60 seconds and remove. This second fry makes them superbly crunchy. (It’s an optional step if you want that restaurant-like crunch.)

Serve: Transfer the hot prawn pakoras to a serving platter. Sprinkle a pinch of chaat masala on top for a tangy kick (optional but highly recommended). Serve immediately while they’re hot and crisp – see below for serving ideas and accompaniments.